Posted by: John S Kiernan

Texas is one of the largest states in the country, both in terms of square mileage and population, which should be no surprise considering everything is supposed to be bigger there. That’s certainly true as far as the steaks, cowboy hats and football stadiums are concerned. But what about the homes, school systems, salaries and all of the other important factors that truly make life larger in a given place?

As a whole, Texas is an economically strong state. It has the second largest state economy in the U.S., behind only California. And its unemployment rate of 4.1% is only a bit higher than the national average of 3.8%.

But living in Texas isn’t all about the money. There’s plenty of attractions to make the state a great place for families, like the Houston Space Center, Big Bend National Park and the Alamo.

In order to help Lone Star residents and those interested in joining the herd settle down in the right spot, WalletHub compared the 117 of the largest cities in Texas based on 21 relevant metrics that speak to their suitability for families of all types. This includes measures such as the number of playgrounds per capita, the violent crime rate and the divorce rate. Below, you can find the results as well as a detailed methodology and a Q&A with a panel of leading experts.

1. Main Findings
2. Ask the Experts
3. Methodology

Main Findings Embed on your website<iframe src="//d2e70e9yced57e.cloudfront.net/wallethub/embed/22419/geochart-texas-families.html" width="556" height="347" frameBorder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe> <div style="width:556px;font-size:12px;color:#888;">Source: <a href="https://ift.tt/2lmw4iT>

 

Best Places to Live in Texas

Overall Rank (1=Best)	City	Total Score	‘Family Life & Fun’ Rank	‘Education, Health & Safety’ Rank	‘Affordability’ Rank	‘Socioeconomic Environment’ Rank
1	Frisco, TX	73.69	12	8	1	5
2	Allen, TX	72.44	2	15	2	13
3	Southlake, TX	71.71	46	1	4	10
4	Colleyville, TX	70.57	92	2	7	1
5	Flower Mound, TX	69.62	48	6	11	4
6	Murphy, TX	69.60	53	7	8	2
7	Keller, TX	66.88	95	3	12	11
8	Plano, TX	66.83	19	18	14	16
9	Coppell, TX	66.73	38	12	22	6
10	McKinney, TX	66.54	16	22	10	17
11	Rockwall, TX	66.06	79	20	6	8
12	Sugar Land, TX	65.98	108	13	3	7
13	Cedar Park, TX	65.87	5	14	23	23
14	University Park, TX	65.13	1	4	66	12
15	Lake Jackson, TX	64.48	69	26	5	22
16	Pearland, TX	64.20	72	19	13	14
17	Wylie, TX	63.91	50	16	21	18
18	Sachse, TX	63.57	83	9	29	3
19	Friendswood, TX	62.96	90	11	18	25
20	Mansfield, TX	62.68	68	21	19	9
21	Little Elm, TX	62.53	62	31	9	33
22	Leander, TX	61.61	32	24	26	31
23	League City, TX	61.33	98	27	15	20
24	Cibolo, TX	61.24	100	5	36	24
25	Round Rock, TX	60.89	14	29	37	27
26	Grapevine, TX	59.03	43	25	46	28
27	Midlothian, TX	58.65	97	23	31	26
28	The Colony, TX	57.90	103	32	17	40
29	Pflugerville, TX	57.75	59	38	32	29
30	College Station, TX	57.62	20	17	72	44
31	Hutto, TX	57.36	55	10	41	58
32	Burleson, TX	57.05	84	36	24	34
33	New Braunfels, TX	56.61	35	46	50	32
34	Schertz, TX	55.16	106	39	33	21
35	Harker Heights, TX	54.85	42	52	30	48
36	Kyle, TX	54.78	71	35	53	39
37	North Richland Hills, TX	54.21	96	48	40	30
38	Richardson, TX	53.59	104	49	52	19
39	Carrollton, TX	53.54	82	45	60	35
40	Missouri City, TX	53.53	115	34	16	53
41	Georgetown, TX	52.75	116	33	64	15
42	Deer Park, TX	52.65	109	37	20	59
43	La Porte, TX	52.53	114	28	35	52
44	Bedford, TX	52.36	110	42	39	37
45	Rowlett, TX	52.22	112	44	43	36
46	Midland, TX	52.20	47	65	47	47
47	Weatherford, TX	52.15	86	43	38	57
48	Denton, TX	51.94	81	64	25	51
49	Copperas Cove, TX	51.71	76	58	27	62
50	Temple, TX	51.46	7	66	44	78
51	Waxahachie, TX	51.42	57	51	78	43
52	Wichita Falls, TX	51.25	4	89	34	74
53	Del Rio, TX	50.97	65	40	63	63
54	San Angelo, TX	49.59	24	91	65	54
55	Haltom City, TX	49.50	22	62	76	68
56	Rosenberg, TX	49.32	89	50	45	77
57	Euless, TX	49.05	93	54	79	45
58	Hurst, TX	48.69	107	73	59	38
59	Belton, TX	48.65	23	60	51	93
60	Abilene, TX	48.20	60	74	57	66
61	Farmers Branch, TX	47.95	45	59	97	42
62	Fort Worth, TX	47.71	10	104	48	80
63	Grand Prairie, TX	47.59	73	72	80	49
64	Odessa, TX	47.39	21	111	49	56
65	Kingsville, TX	47.18	28	57	71	92
66	Austin, TX	47.15	31	76	96	50
67	Lewisville, TX	47.08	85	69	93	41
68	Victoria, TX	46.90	58	92	55	64
69	Killeen, TX	46.69	13	85	69	82
70	Amarillo, TX	46.67	8	112	42	73
71	Bryan, TX	46.50	40	71	86	69
72	Converse, TX	46.15	105	55	54	72
73	Mission, TX	45.94	9	53	103	85
74	Cedar Hill, TX	45.83	91	67	68	75
75	Big Spring, TX	45.61	44	108	28	83
76	Nacogdoches, TX	44.87	3	30	112	102
77	Arlington, TX	44.68	67	101	73	61
78	Irving, TX	44.64	78	75	108	46
79	Conroe, TX	44.61	102	77	74	60
80	Alvin, TX	44.59	111	68	70	67
81	Corpus Christi, TX	43.89	34	103	58	89
82	Lufkin, TX	43.70	25	87	91	84
83	El Paso, TX	43.37	15	63	111	94
84	Kerrville, TX	43.36	87	47	106	70
85	Garland, TX	43.26	101	88	92	55
86	Corsicana, TX	42.87	41	102	84	76
87	Tyler, TX	42.82	88	83	87	79
88	Baytown, TX	42.42	30	100	61	106
89	Lubbock, TX	42.29	54	116	62	65
90	Galveston, TX	41.86	6	99	94	104
91	McAllen, TX	41.69	63	56	107	97
92	Eagle Pass, TX	41.51	61	41	105	107
93	Waco, TX	41.47	27	98	89	103
94	Seguin, TX	41.17	99	86	67	101
95	Edinburg, TX	40.90	18	95	104	90
96	Texas City, TX	40.83	80	96	56	111
97	Longview, TX	40.77	49	107	85	87
98	San Antonio, TX	40.62	51	113	83	81
99	Pasadena, TX	40.62	94	90	88	91
100	DeSoto, TX	40.55	117	78	81	71
101	Pharr, TX	40.54	26	61	110	108
102	Harlingen, TX	40.51	52	82	100	95
103	Paris, TX	39.98	64	94	75	109
104	San Marcos, TX	39.62	17	79	117	100
105	Greenville, TX	39.49	75	93	95	98
106	Brownsville, TX	38.95	11	70	114	112
107	Mesquite, TX	38.77	74	105	98	86
108	Laredo, TX	38.19	39	80	115	105
109	Dallas, TX	37.51	56	97	113	99
110	Beaumont, TX	36.55	37	115	77	113
111	Duncanville, TX	35.64	113	106	99	88
112	San Juan, TX	35.63	33	81	116	114
113	Weslaco, TX	35.20	66	109	102	110
114	Port Arthur, TX	34.67	36	110	82	116
115	Texarkana, TX	34.50	29	114	90	115
116	Houston, TX	33.69	70	117	101	96
117	San Benito, TX	32.46	77	84	109	117

Ask the Experts: Lone-Star Relocation

For a closer look at Texas real estate and job markets, we turned to a panel of leading experts familiar with the area. You can find their bios and responses to the following questions below.

1. What are some tips for young families looking for quality public schools and affordable housing in Texas?
2. How can local officials in Texas make their cities more attractive to young families?
3. Looking just within Texas, to what degree is child development and a family’s quality of life influenced by the city in which they live?

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• Gerald E. Nissley, Jr. Associate Professor of Psychology at East Texas Baptist University
• Rachel Kimbro Professor of Sociology, Director of the Urban Health Program in the Kinder Institute for Urban Research, and Scholar in the Baker Institute for Public Policy at Rice University
• Brian C. Reed Associate Professor of Family and Community Medicine, and Vice Chair for Community Health Programs at Baylor College of Medicine
• Julia Shahid Associate Professor of Education, Chair of the Austin Teacher Program, and Director of the Teacher Certification Program at Austin College
• Jon R. Taylor Professor and Chair of the Department of Political Science at University of St. Thomas
• Drew Curtis Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology, Sociology and Social Work at Angelo State University

Gerald E. Nissley, Jr. Associate Professor of Psychology at East Texas Baptist University What are some tips for young families looking for quality public schools and affordable housing in Texas? Interestingly, my biggest tip would be to make sure to not look only at one, the other, or both. When thinking of relocating, deciding to settle down to grow a family, or otherwise, no one variable predicts outcomes. Developmentally, when we think of sources for thriving for children and their families (and, contrastingly, risks for maldevelopment), the number of variables collectively tend to matter more. Thus, moving to a school district that’s well-regarded in a place that doesn’t fit your family’s biorhythms can really mitigate the benefit of the educational resources. In turn, if housing is too costly for your family in a way that requires parents to work so much that quality interaction with the kids is difficult (or socializing with the neighbors), the other benefits can be quickly neutralized. Thus, my biggest tip when discussing these topics with young families is to start by determining what variables matter to them and what values are most important. It’s easier to accept less appreciated aspects of a locale if we do so in a way that allows us to engage in a value-affirming behavior. Moreover, if most of the variables of a locale match who we want to be, we will generally view other aspects of the location more positively due to the halo effect. We are much more likely to be creative in addressing challenges of the location as well. To be honest, there are a million websites now where one can look at school quality aspects in Texas, and many of the real estate apps on phones now even include that information. However, before getting into that, I’d really have a family discussion about what values and variables are most important in selecting a place. It makes all the other decisions to come more streamlined – how do they match our values and variables? – and it’s easier to stay objective with the data and with other members of the family. Other tips I’d offer is that it’s beneficial to visit an area and get a “feel” for it. When my wife and I moved to South Texas (before having children), we drove into Victoria, Texas, from a specific highway that took us right through a really blighted part of town. It was disheartening initially, as our first thought was that the whole town of 60,000 people would look like what we were seeing. However, as we spent a couple of days there, we saw more diversity of people, neighborhoods, shops, etc., that allowed us to feel much more comfortable. In our move from there to East Texas – now with children – we met with a realtor ahead of time when we visited, and this really helped us with “expert” insight into where we planned to move and what it would be like in relation to cost of living and educational opportunities. How can local officials in Texas make their cities more attractive to young families? Obviously, locales that can offer a booming economy and affordable housing become attractive to Milennials mired in debt and leery after watching Boomers suffer through financial downturns. However, locales that want to compete for young families need to think beyond that to avoid those folks merely commuting in. Young families moving into the child-rearing years want quality academic opportunities that promote vocational preparation and diverse exposure. Thus, schools with STEM programs and language immersion programs that extend downward to elementary grades are very attractive, as are the opportunities to get college credits during high school years. Young families want quality access to healthcare – access through a variety of medical specialties, including behavioral health. Having a strong hospital is a must in such an environment. Young families want opportunities for value-based experiences in the town. For example, my family and I love our public library, as it matches our values for educating our children. We enjoy bike trails and recreational activities that allow us to get into nature. Towns that offer more than a place to squat for work and sleep are going to attract young families. Towns that can’t do that, won’t. For local officials in Texas, the key often is to maximize the strengths that you can in these areas. For example, the town I live in will never be like Austin; however, if I wanted to live in Austin, I would. There are things my family loves about Marshall, such as the cost of living, access to fishing and lake activities, and STEM in elementary school. Looking just within Texas, to what degree is child development and a family’s quality of life influenced by the city they live in? The city one lives in matters for development and quality of life based on the totality of its impact on a wide variety of variables. In general, as you think of all the variables – work, school, social life, finances, etc. – you can think of it as a scale. If the benefits of a city generally outweigh the points of limitation – particularly if the city generally matches our values well – the city is typically a benefit. On the other hand, even if one variable is really positive, if the overall combination of variables of frustration outweigh the positives, the city can have a really impairing impact upon development and quality of life. My family, for example, lives in a Podunk town in East Texas that most young families couldn’t pick out on a map. As a licensed psychologist who is well-known in my field, I could live anywhere in Texas I want. So, why do I live here? I live in Marshall because it matches my values – I felt called here for a job at the local university. Additionally, I own a house on a lake that I can afford on one family income, and I spend lots of time with my wife and kids and local community. I could live in Austin and live on a lake, but I couldn’t likely do it on one salary without working so much that I didn’t see my family. When I look at all the variables together, Marshall, Texas, is a great location for my family, which is why five years after our relocation there, we are still here. It matches our values, and the variables lead to a “net win” when we think of pros and cons. Rachel Kimbro Professor of Sociology, Director of the Urban Health Program in the Kinder Institute for Urban Research, and Scholar in the Baker Institute for Public Policy at Rice University What are some tips for young families looking for quality public schools and affordable housing in Texas? First, start with the school districts. Don't assume the best schools are in the suburbs - many of the top-performing schools in Texas are in the city districts. Check the school district website for detailed test score, teacher, and demographic profiles of each school. Things to look for: Are the teachers experienced? How much teacher and student turnover is there from year to year? Are test scores high, or if not, are they improving? Check into whether there is a magnet school system in your desired city, which opens up where you can live, like in Houston. For example, you could choose to live in a more affordable neighborhood near a particular magnet school, rather than trying to buy a more expensive house in that school's zone. But also pay attention to deadlines - magnet schools' lotteries usually happen well ahead of the start of the school year. How can local officials in Texas make their cities more attractive to young families? A range of affordable housing is key; and high-quality, low-cost childcare is a must for young families. In addition, schools with after care programs are essential for working families. Investing in improving the quality of childcare for young children and after care for school-aged children will make cities attractive for young families. Looking just within Texas, to what degree is child development and a family’s quality of life influenced by the city they live in? Local context is a major influence on child development and quality of life, because it has a strong influence on a family's employment, housing, and schooling. In addition, all families want to live in neighborhoods where it is safe for their children to play, and where they can send their child to a good school. Good sidewalks, parks, access to grocery stores, and clean air are essential for young families. Cities which can improve the quality of life for children will reap dividends for all ages. Brian C. Reed Associate Professor of Family and Community Medicine, and Vice Chair for Community Health Programs at Baylor College of Medicine What are some tips for young families looking for quality public schools and affordable housing in Texas? In terms of evaluation of schools and neighborhoods, I typically refer new hires from out of state to this website that has information about housing and school ratings for the Houston area. How can local officials in Texas make their cities more attractive to young families? Local officials in the Houston area have been planning more green space (parks and recreational areas) for families to enjoy. Additionally, there has been a focus on improving the roads and highway system in the local area. Unfortunately, Houston remains very congested. Looking just within Texas, to what degree is child development and a family’s quality of life influenced by the city they live in? From a public health standpoint, we are seeing more and more evidence that education and socioeconomic status lead to not only a higher quality of life but a longer life. Job opportunities and quality of education vary from city to city and directly impact both education and socioeconomic status. Julia Shahid Associate Professor of Education, Chair of the Austin Teacher Program, and Director of the Teacher Certification Program at Austin College What are some tips for young families looking for quality public schools and affordable housing in Texas? When looking for a quality public school, I highly recommend visiting the school. It is easy to pick up on the climate of a building from the moment one enters the school building. Families really need to consider how the school makes them feel. Do they feel welcome? Does someone make the effort to greet them? It doesn’t take long to see if the school is focused on student or adults. Parents want to find a school that exists for students. Isn’t that what schools are all about? After visiting the school one can always check on the actual school ratings. The school should have those readily available to share with families. The ratings are also available online. As far as affordable housing goes, many of the “best deals” are in neighborhoods that are in smaller communities, close to the larger cities. Often times these are smaller, older communities that are not growing as rapidly as the cities. The school districts are usually smaller, with a strong sense of community. Older areas of a community can also be attractive for those looking for affordable housing. It is not unusual to find some excellent schools in the older neighborhoods. Some of the schools are magnet schools or Title I. These schools receive extra resources and often have a healthy diversity of students. How can local officials in Texas make their cities more attractive to young families? Young families are generally looking for a city where there is a real family focus. There are facilities for families including parks, sports facilities and recreation centers. Special events are scheduled that bring out folks in community settings. Access to medical care is important. Availability of fresh, healthy food is a plus. Places to worship certainly are important for some families. This may be where they find their sense of community. Safety is obviously very important. Families need good day care options as well. Basically, the city needs to be perceived as family friendly. Quality schools are critical. Families should see that the public schools are high quality and a good choice for their children. Looking just within Texas, to what degree is child development and a family’s quality of life influenced by the city they live in? From my experience, the family’s quality of life is integrally tied to the city environment. If the family’s needs are being met by the community and the schools, the family’s happiness is greatly enhanced. I think back to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. If the family has had their needs for safety and belonging met, they are then able to move toward a strong well developed self-esteem and hopefully to being self-actualized people. We want our cities to provide a sense of community where the residents can become all they can be. In ideal cities, we have the resources to grow both individually and collectively. I recall the quote, "We shape our buildings; thereafter they shape us." - Winston Churchill. We shape our cities and they shape us. It is a symbiotic relationship and when it works well, it makes all the difference. Jon R. Taylor Professor and Chair of the Department of Political Science at University of St. Thomas What are some tips for young families looking for quality public schools and affordable housing in Texas? Look to the suburbs of Texas – particularly in the Houston and Dallas-Ft. Worth area. For example, the Houston area has one of the lowest cost of living per capita for a major American city. Outside the four big metropolitan areas, there are myriad quality schools and affordable housing to be found in places such as El Paso, Corpus Christi, Waco, Lubbock, Wichita Falls, and Tyler. If you want to own an affordable home – or apartment – you get far more “bang for the buck” in the suburbs and medium-sized cities. While there are always exceptions, Texas’ suburban school districts generally have higher per student expenditures, higher graduation rates, higher college acceptance rates, and higher state standardized exam scores than the school district of the central city that they surround. While there is always the less-than-enviable tradeoff of long commute times and frustrating congestion issues due to rising populations, it should be noted that nearly, if not all, of the amenities that can be found in the large cities can be found in the suburbs – and usually with far easier access. As the father of a seven year-old and a resident of a Houston area suburb myself, both my wife and I can attest to the affordability, convenience, and quality of life factors that young families are looking for in suburban Texas. How can local officials in Texas make their cities more attractive to young families? That’s the $64,000,000,000 question, isn’t it? Texas land use laws make it relatively easy for developers to create comparatively affordable neighborhoods. The same goes for apartment complexes. The real problem with making cities or suburbs more affordable is rising property taxes. There is a real fear that if something is not done soon – and by soon I mean during the 2017 Texas Legislature – there is a real possibility that younger families looking for their first home may quickly be priced out of the market. It’s a real conundrum, given that school districts, who are one of the main drivers when considering housing location, are also one of the biggest factors in rising property taxes. Why? Because Texas has historically underfunded public education. Rising property taxes are a function of school districts attempting to provide a quality education. If there is something that Texas cities could do to make themselves more attractive to young families, I would suggest the following: walkable neighborhoods anchored by at least an elementary school and a park, easily accessible transportation options, easily accessible shopping/grocery options, and sensible infrastructure planning that anticipates population growth. Looking just within Texas, to what degree is child development and a family’s quality of life influenced by the city they live in? The academic answer would suggest that children thrive in a stable and nurturing environment. If that environment is unstable due to issues that arise from the family’s location, that instability will obviously have a negative impact on both child development and the family’s quality of life. They will likely “vote with their feet” in order to escape negative quality of life factors such as family income, parental employment, family structure, housing, school, and child care. With respect to Texas, cities can and do directly impact both child development and a family’s quality of life. Are the schools excellent or are less than adequate? Is housing difficult to afford or relatively inexpensive with respect to family income? Is access to shopping, grocery, and transportation options abundant or do retail, food, or transportation deserts exist? These issues are becoming a more pressing concern for Texas as our population grows and becomes more diverse. The central city cores of Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, and Austin have already become, for the most part, unaffordable to the average young family. Texas’ task is to find a way to balance between affordable quality of life and affordable government service provision. Drew Curtis Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology, Sociology and Social Work at Angelo State University What are some tips for young families looking for quality public schools and affordable housing in Texas? Many people have different values when it comes to looking for quality education. Quality education may have various meanings for different individuals. The first step is to intentionally consider your values and what you and your family are meaning when you consider quality education. Next, the best tip for young families is research. All that work in school, working on research papers and surfing the internet, pays off when you research what you are looking for in education. Delve into the internet. Then, ask others about their experiences with schools you are considering. Last, research those schools and feel free to meet with someone from the school to ask any other questions you may have. How can local officials in Texas make their cities more attractive to young families? Local cities can make their cities more attractive to young families by thinking about the developmental needs of families and creating city spaces that meet those needs. Many young families seek low-cost activities that are entertaining and safe for all family members. For example, well-kept child-friendly parks are a great investment for cities to appeal to young families. Another example of attractive investments for cities are libraries. Libraries that are active and involved in the community and welcome community members can have a great appeal to young families. Clean parks speak to young families and usually serve as hubs for play dates or other social gatherings. Looking just within Texas, to what degree is child development and a family’s quality of life influenced by the city they live in? Child development is complex and involves numerous variables. However, the city that people live in can greatly influence child development and quality of life, namely through the access and exposure to opportunities. Children who have access to quality education, a variety of experiences and opportunities, and resources will be more likely to thrive in development. For example, cities that promote active lifestyles serve as protective buffers against physical health problems, such as childhood obesity. There are numerous ways that cities may provide opportunities and access, which may be through fine arts, science clubs, and other community events.

Methodology

To help identify the most family-friendly cities in Texas, WalletHub compared the state’s 117 largest cities in four categories: 1) Family Life & Fun, 2) Education, Health & Safety, 3) Affordability and 4) Socioeconomic Environment.

We did so using 21 relevant metrics, which are listed below with their corresponding weights. Each metric was scored from 0 to 100, with 100 representing the most favorable conditions for families. We then used the weighted average of these individual-metric scores to calculate an overall score for each city, with which the cities were ultimately ranked.

Please note that “city” refers to city proper and excludes surrounding metro areas. Other cities were excluded from the sample due to limited data availability.

Family Life & Fun – Total Points: 25

• Number of Playgrounds per 100,000 Residents: Full Weight (~4.17 Points)
• Number of Attractions (e.g., zoos, museums, theaters): Full Weight (~4.17 Points)
• Share of Families with Children Under 18: Double Weight (~8.33 Points)
• WalletHub “Weather” Ranking: Full Weight (~4.17 Points)
• Average Commute Time: Full Weight (~4.17 Points)

Education, Health & Safety – Total Points: 25

• Quality of School System: Full Weight (~2.94 Points)
• High School Graduation Rate: Half Weight (~1.47 Points)
• Air Quality: Full Weight (~2.94 Points)
• Pediatricians per 100,000 Residents: Full Weight (~2.94 Points)
• Share of Uninsured Children (newborn to age 18): Full Weight (~2.94 Points)
• Violent-Crime Rate per 1,000 Residents: Double Weight (~5.88 Points)
• Property-Crime Rate per 1,000 Residents: Double Weight (~5.88 Points)

Affordability – Total Points: 25

• Housing Affordability: Full Weight (~12.5 Points)Note: This metric measures the median annual family income divided by housing costs. It accounts for both rent and house prices.
• General Affordability: Full Weight (~12.5 Points)Note: This metric measures the median family annual income divided by the cost of living index.

Socioeconomic Environment – Total Points: 25

• Separation & Divorce Rate: Full Weight (~3.57 Points)
• Share of Two-Parent Families: Full Weight (~3.57 Points)
• Share of Families Below Poverty Line: Full Weight (~3.57 Points)
• Share of Households Receiving Food Stamps: Full Weight (~3.57 Points)
• Unemployment Rate: Full Weight (~3.57 Points)
• Wealth Gap: Full Weight (~3.57 Points)
• Foreclosure Rate: Full Weight (~3.57 Points)

 

Sources: Data used to create these rankings were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, SchoolDigger.com, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, County Health Rankings, Yelp, Areavibes, TripAdvisor, Renwood RealtyTrac and WalletHub research.

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